互联网借贷再次收紧：设置三个指标并禁止远程操作有多强大？ _东方财富网

原标题：互联网借贷再次收紧：设置三个指标并禁止远程操作有多强大？

概括

[Internetloansaretightenedagain:howpowerfulisittosetthreeindicatorsandprohibitremoteoperations?】OnFebruary20theChinaBankingandInsuranceRegulatoryCommissionissuedthe“NoticeonFurtherRegulatingtheInternetLoanBusinessofCommercialBanks”settingthreerestrictivequantitativeindicatorsfortheInternetloanbusinessofcommercialbanksandatthesametimeitisclearthatcorporatebanksarenotallowedtodevelopInternetacrossjurisdictionsofregistrationloanserviceInJuly2020theChinaBankingandInsuranceRegulatoryCommissionhasissuedtheInterimMeasuresfortheAdministrationofInternetLoansbyCommercialBanks(ThePaper)

After half a year, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission further regulatedbusinessbankthe Internetloan service.

On February 20, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued thebank“Notice on Internet Loan Business” (hereinafter referred to as “Notice”), for commercialbankInternet loan business has set three restrictionsQuantitative indexAt the same time, it is clear that corporate banks are not allowed to conduct Internet loan business across jurisdictions of registration. In July 2020, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has issued “commercial BankInterim Measures for the Administration of Internet Loans (hereinafter referred to as the “Measures”).

The three quantitative indicators are:Funded ratio, That is, commercial banks and cooperative institutions jointly contribute funds to grant loans,Single loaninThe partner’s capital contribution ratio shall not be less than 30%；Concentration Index, That is, the balance of the bank’s loan issued by a commercial bank and a single partner shall not exceed 25% of the net tier 1 capital;Quota index, That is, the balance of Internet loans issued jointly by commercial banks and all cooperative institutions shall not exceed 50% of the total loan balance.

“This “Notice” is in accordance withPrudential supervisionIn principle, the formulation of more complete rules for the content of the Measures can effectively curb the rapid expansion of Internet loans. “Fintech expert Su Xiaorui analyzed.

Chief Researcher of China Merchants Finance, Fudan University Institute of Financepart timeResearcher Dong Ximiao also said that the “Notice” has substantially tightened the requirements of Internet loan policies, which is a further refinement and amendment of the “Measures.” The main purpose is to implement a series of requirements of the central government on regulating financial technology and platform economic development, further strengthen financial supervision, and better prevent financial risks.

Zeng Gang, director of the National Finance and Development Laboratory, mentioned to The Paper that the further standardization of the “Notice” is mainly in two aspects:Small and medium banksCross-regional operations are controlled, and the second is to further clarify the potential risks of the joint loan partners. On the one hand, limit the leverage of the partners and limit the concentration of banks on the other to reduce the differences that the joint loan may bring to both parties. Financial risks.

　　Set investment ratio：Limit partner leverage

Regarding the requirement that the partner’s capital contribution ratio in a single loan should not be less than 30%, the person in charge of the relevant department of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission stated that in practice, individual banks haveCreditConditions and problems such as weak risk management and inconsistent rights and responsibilities with partners have damaged the foundation of the healthy and sustainable development of the Internet loan business.This standard is based on the actual situation of the Internet loan business of commercial banks.ResearchThe calculation is determined, and it is also considered to be consistent with the relevant provisions of the “Interim Measures for the Management of Online Small Loans (Draft for Comment)” to avoid supervisionarbitrage。

Zeng Gang believes that in the joint loan, the proportion of capital contribution of the cooperative institution is too small, and the bank’s capital contribution is too high, which means that the cooperative institution will excessively use leverage. If the cooperative institution itself is also a financial institution, it will cause its own risk to be too high.

Therefore, Zeng Gang believes that the requirement of “partners’ capital contribution should not be less than 30%” is mainly to avoid systemic risks caused by the excessive leverage of joint loan partners.

Chen Wen, director of the Digital Economy Research Center of the School of Finance of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, mentioned that only after the partners provide a certain proportion of capital contribution, banks can truly control risk and reduce the risks assumed by commercial banks. This is also for the actual risk control of banks in the joint loan model. Reality fully grasped by external partners.

　　Set concentration and limit indicators: diversify joint loan risks and prevent risk contagion

The “Notice” clarified the concentration risk management and quota management quantitative standards. On the one hand, commercial banks and cooperative institutions jointly fund loans, and the balance of loans issued by the bank with a single partner shall not exceed 25% of the bank’s net tier 1 capital. On the other hand, the balance of Internet loans jointly funded by commercial banks and cooperative institutions shall not exceed 50% of the bank’s total loan balance.

In fact, in order to prevent the risk of cooperating institutions from spreading to the banking system, the “Measures” issued last year have put forward limit management and cooperating institution concentration management requirements for commercial banks to carry out Internet loans. However, in practice, various commercial banks have different understanding and grasp of the above regulations, and the concentration management and limit management of individual institutions have failed.

The person in charge of the relevant departments of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission stated that the above-mentioned regulations can not only promote commercial banks to further realize the appropriate dispersion of Internet loan business, avoid the concentration risk of excessive dependence on a single cooperative institution, and at the same time reserve sufficient space for the healthy development of Internet loan business.

“From the bank’s perspective, if the joint loan provided by a joint loan cooperative institution accounts for too much of the bank’s loan, or the Internet loan accounts for too much of the loan, it may cause the bank’s concentration risk. If the partner appears Problems, or problems with Internet loans, banks’ loan risks will be very high.” Zeng Gang said.

Chen Wen also mentioned that if the risk control of a single partner is not solid, it is likely to pass the risk to the bank.

Dong Ximiao also said that strengthening the management of the concentration of cooperative institutions is mainly to diversify the risk of joint loans and avoid small and medium banks from “putting eggs in the same basket” and overly relying on a single external partner. He also mentioned that the quota index is mainly to control the risk of Internet loans from the total amount and avoid the disorderly growth of Internet loans. “This has little effect.”

　　Ban local banks from operating across regions

The “Notice” stipulates that cross-regional operations should be strictly controlled, and that if corporate banks conduct Internet loan business, they should serve the localclient, Do not carry out Internet loan business across jurisdictions of registration. Non-physical business outlets and businesses are mainly carried out online, except those that meet other requirements of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.

The person in charge of the relevant department of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission pointed out that in recent years, some local banks have used InternetPositioning, Blind and disorderly expansion, bringing greater risks and hidden dangers. The “Notice” further clarifies and strictly controls the cross-regional operation of Internet loans. At the same time, the “Notice” also fully considers the actual situation of some institutions, and exempts institutions that do not have physical operations and whose business is mainly carried out online and meet other requirements of the regulatory agency. The above regulations apply.

Su Xiaorui believes that the “Notice” is conducive to clarifying the business boundaries of legal persons from the source and guiding local legal person commercial banks to adhere to their development positioning. “After controlling cross-regional operations, local legal person commercial banks need to deepen the local economy. To one-sidedly pursue rapid growth in scale, but based on the local development path of’small and beautiful’.”

Chen Wen also said that regional small and medium banks were approved to establish importantmotivationService regionalmarket, But using Internet loans deviates from the original intention of serving the local market, and the risks are completely uncontrollable.

Zeng Gang mentioned that the fact that small and medium-sized banks realize nationwide operations through Internet loans in disguised form will cause two problems: On the one hand, small and medium-sized banks cannot grasp the risks of foreign loans and can only rely entirely on the joint lender and separate from the small and medium-sized banks themselves. control ability. On the other hand, the cross-regional operation of local legal entities may reduce the resource input to the local economy, which may lead to insufficient support for the local economy, causing small and medium banks to deviate from their origins.

Dong Ximiao pointed out that this will have a greater impact on small and medium-sized banks that have already launched Internet loan business.

He also stated, “At the momentPersonnel flowIn a larger social context, how to define cross-regional operations?jobsThe place and household registrationSocial securityTo define the payment place or other standards, further exploration is needed in practice. “

　　Set a transition period: allow time for rectification and smooth transition

The relevant person in charge of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission stated that for the quantitative standards of concentration risk management and limit management, the supervisory department will follow the principle of “one line, one policy, and smooth transition” to supervise and guide institutions to complete the orderly rectification before July 17, 2022.With regard to the capital contribution ratio standard and cross-regional operation restrictions, the “new and old division” is implemented, and new businesses are required to implement the requirements of the “Notice” from January 1, 2022, allowingStockThe business is settled naturally.

“The reasonable setting of the transition period is inferred to be compatible with the financial report and MPA assessment, so that the bank can arrange various tasks in an orderly manner.” Su Xiaorui said.

Zeng Gang pointed out that this isStock adjustmentThe problem.The scale of the Internet loan business is not small, and there are many participating institutions. Too fast advancement may produce some short-term impacts. Therefore, given a certain amount of time for adjustment, it can basicallyGuaranteeOrderly transition. The remaining business will naturally not be added after maturity, “because these loans are usually not long in term”, so this will not have a big impact on the market.

Dong Ximiao also believes that a longer transition period allows banks sufficient time for rectification, which helps to maintain a smooth business transition and reduce the impact on customers.

(Source: The Paper)

(Editor in charge: DF387)