原标题：房地产市场的大事件！ 中央银行和中国银行业和保险监督管理委员会建立了新的房地产贷款集中度评估。 它将如何影响超过48万亿抵押贷款？
概要
[Majoreventsinthepropertymarket!HowdoesthecentralbankandtheChinaBankingRegulatoryCommission’snewlyestablishedrealestateloanconcentrationassessmentaffectover48trillionhousingloans?】OnDecember312020theCentralBankandtheChinaBankingandInsuranceRegulatoryCommissionissuedaNoticeonEstablishingaCentralizationManagementSystemforRealEstateLoansofBankingFinancialInstitutions(hereinafterreferredtoasthe”Notice”)establishingamanagementsystemfortheconcentrationofrealestateloansforbankingfinancialinstitutionsThisisaftertheregulatoryauthoritiesissuedthe”threeredlines”newregulationsonrealestatefinancingnotlongagoandtherealestatefinancialpolicyhasissuednewheavyregulationsThe”Notice”willbeimplementedonJanuary12021(SecuritiesTimesNetwork)
Another big thing about the property market is here!
On December 31, 2020, the Central Bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued abankIndustry financial institutionreal estate“Notice on the Loan Concentration Management System” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”), establishedbankIndustry financial institutionreal estateLoan concentration management system. This is after the regulatory authorities issued the “three red lines” new regulations on financing for real estate companies not long ago.real estateThe financial policy has again issued heavy new regulations. The “Notice” will be implemented on January 1, 2021.
The “Notice” clarified the institutional coverage, management requirements and adjustment mechanism of the real estate loan concentration management system.ConsideringbankFor factors such as the asset scale and institutional type of industrial financial institutions, two upper limits are set for the proportion of real estate loan balances and the proportion of personal housing loan balances in stages, a transition period is set for institutions that exceed the upper limit, and a regional differentiation adjustment mechanism is established.
Guo Shuqing, Chairman of the my country Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, recently wrote an article that at present, real estate-related loans in China account for 39% of banking loans, and there are still a lot ofBond, Equity,TrustWait for funds to enter the real estate industry. It can be said that real estate is the biggest “gray rhino” in terms of financial risks in my country at this stage, and the real estate bubble must be resolutely curbed.
The relevant person in charge of the central bank said that in recent years, under the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the implementation of the long-term real estate mechanism has achieved remarkable results.In accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on further implementing the long-term real estate mechanism and implementing the prudential management system of real estate finance, the Central Bank, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory CommissionborrowBased on international experience and combined with my country’s national conditions, we have researched and formulated a real estate loan concentration management system to improve the resilience and robustness of the financial system and promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.At the same time, promote financialsupplySide structural reforms, strengthen the internal constraints of banking financial institutions, and optimizeCreditStructure, supportmanufacturing, Science and technology and other key areas of economic and social development, and financing in weak links such as small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, etc., to promote the balanced development of finance and real estate with the real economy.
Zeng Gang, deputy director of the National Finance and Development Laboratory, told a reporter from the Securities Times that from a macro perspective, the “Notice” aims to implement a long-term real estate mechanism of “housing and living without speculation”, which is conducive to optimizing capital allocation and reducing excessive capital entry. To the real estate sector. From the perspective of the banking system, it is beneficial to reduce the potential systemic risks that the real estate system may bring to the banking industry. As Guo Shuqing, Chairman of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, said, real estate is the biggest “gray rhino” in terms of financial risks in my country at this stage, and the proportion of real estate loans is too high. It will also bring risks to the bank.In addition, the “Notice” implements differentiated management for different types of banks and different regions, and is intended to guide different banks to differentiate their development, such as city commercial banks, rural commercial banks, etc.Small and medium banksThe upper limit of the proportion of SMEs is lower than that of major banks, reflecting the policy intention of the supervision to hope that local small and medium-sized banks will return to their roots and support the local real economy more.
Set the upper limit level in bins
The real estate loan concentration management system means that the proportion of real estate loan balance and the proportion of personal housing loan balance of Chinese-funded legal person banking financial institutions established in my country should meet the management requirements determined by the central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission, that is, not higher than The corresponding upper limit determined by the Central Bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.
The Central Bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission set the management requirements for the concentration of real estate loans in different stages according to the asset scale and type of banking financial institutions. The setting of management requirements takes into account the type of bank, the current status of the existing real estate loan business and the future space. At the same time, in order to reflect regional differences, there can be moderate flexibility when determining the management requirements of the real estate loan concentration of local corporate banking financial institutions.The management system has also set a transition period toGuaranteeThe smooth implementation of the policy promotes the steady and healthy development of the real estate market and financial market.Management requirements are set and implemented by legal persons (excluding overseas branches).BranchNo separate requirements are set.
The “Notice” stipulates that the central branch of the central bank’s sub-provincial city center branch and above, in conjunction with the local branch of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, may combine the local economic and financial development level and the specific situation and system of the local corporate banking financial institution in the jurisdiction on the premise of full demonstration. Based on the management requirements of the third, fourth, and fifth levels of real estate loan concentration in this notice, within the range of 2.5% increase or decrease, reasonably determine the local legal person bank applicable to the corresponding level in the jurisdiction Requirements for the concentration management of real estate loans of industrial financial institutions. The Central Bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will supervise and manage the behaviors of the branches of the People’s Bank of China at or above the sub-provincial central branch of the city, and the local corporate banking financial institutions in their jurisdictions that determine the concentration management requirements of real estate loans.
In addition, it is worth noting that in order to cope with the implementation of the new asset management regulations, real estate loans returned to the balance sheet during the transition period of the new asset management regulations (to the end of 2021) are not included in the statistics. At the same time, in order to support the vigorous development of the housing leasing market, housing leasing-related loans are temporarily excluded from the calculation of the proportion of real estate loans.
The relevant person in charge of the central bank revealed that the central bank is currently working with relevant departments to study and formulate opinions on housing leasing financial business and establish a corresponding statistical system. At that time, housing leasing-related loans that meet the definition will not be included in the scope of concentration management statistics.
New mortgage growth will be affected
In fact, since the beginning of this year, some banks have further slowed down the growth rate of development loans for new real estate enterprises.The Securities Times reporter learned earlier that some banks have reduced the scale of loans for real estate development, and the banking departmentPartitionBecause the regional branches used up the annual personal mortgage loan quota in only half a year, subsequent new personal mortgage loans in the region would have to be relied on stock shifts.
According to the central bank data, at the end of the third quarter of 2020,RMBThe balance of real estate loans was 48.83 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.8%, 0.3 percentage points lower than the end of the previous quarter, and a decline for 26 consecutive months; the first three quarters increased by 4.42 trillion yuan, accounting for 27.2% of the increase in various loans over the same period. The annual level is 6.8 percentage points lower.
Zeng Gang said that from the perspective of the upper limit of the concentration of real estate loans designed by tranches, it is expected that there will not be too many banks exceeding the upper limit. Generally speaking, there is less pressure to adjust for existing real estate loans. However, the main impact of the “Notice” is that the growth rate of new real estate loans will be limited in the future. For example, the growth rate of personal housing loans in the past few years was significantly higher than the average loan growth rate. The growth rate of increased investment will slow down.
The relevant person in charge of the central bank also said that since 2019, the central bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission have carried out extensive management systems for the concentration of real estate loans.Research, Has conducted sufficient communication with financial institutions, and the relevant indicator setting has fully taken into account the actual situation of banking financial institutions, and has adopted various mechanism arrangements such as classification and classification, differentiated transition period, and regional adjustment mechanism. At present, most banking financial institutions meet management requirements. The central bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will require them to steadily carry out real estate loan-related businesses, and keep the proportion of real estate loans and the proportion of personal housing loans basically stable.
“The real estate loan concentration index does not exert great pressure on the adjustment of existing mortgage loans, because as long as banks keep the existing mortgage balance unchanged, as the total size of the loan balance in the denominator continues to increase, the indicator will naturally decline. But for banks close to the upper limit In other words, this indicator will affect the scale of its new mortgages, which means that in the future, the growth rate of new mortgages and personal loans of some banks cannot exceed the average loan growth rate, otherwise the relevant proportion will further increase.” Just said.
Banks need to develop a business adjustment plan during the transition period
Banking financial institutions that currently exceed management requirements should formulate transitional business adjustment plans based on their own actual conditions; banking financial institutions that meet management requirements should steadily carry out real estate loan-related businesses. The central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission will closely monitor relevant banking finances. Regarding the development of institutional real estate loan business, the abnormal growth will be urged to take measures to correct it in time.
Specifically, at the end of December 2020, if the proportion of real estate loans by banking financial institutions and the proportion of personal housing loans exceed the management requirements and exceed 2 percentage points, the business adjustment transition period is 2 years from the implementation date of this notice; 2% or more, the business adjustment transition period is 4 years from the date of implementation of this notice. The business adjustment transition period for the proportion of real estate loans and the proportion of personal housing loans are set separately.
It is worth noting that, in order to ensure a stable and orderly rectification and transition, and to fully consider the different situations of different banks, the “Notice” proposes that after the end of the business adjustment transition period due to objective reasons, the management requirements of real estate loan concentration cannot be met by banking financial institutions. If an application is filed and the central bank, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, or local central bank branch, or a branch of the Banking Insurance Regulatory Commission, it is deemed reasonable after evaluation, the business adjustment transition period may be appropriately extended.
“For banking financial institutions that exceed management requirements, they will be required to reasonably choose business adjustment methods and reasonably distribute business adjustment scales on an annual basis to ensure a relatively stable pace of adjustment and steady and orderly progress of adjustment work. Individual banks with greater downward pressure, Differentiate treatment by extending the transition period to ensure the smooth implementation of the policy.” The person in charge said.
The Beijing Banking Association has issued a self-discipline for personal housing loans
Unified mortgage policy standards
The Securities Times reporter was informed that the Beijing Banking Association has officially issued the “Beijing Banking Association’s Personal Housing Loan Business Self-Discipline Convention”, which will take effect on January 1, 2021.The Convention includes internal control system, risk management, due diligence, differentiated housingCreditPolicy implementation, supervision of cooperative institutions, fair competition,Quality serviceThe other seven aspects put forward self-discipline requirements for the bank’s personal housing loan business, and also made self-discipline requirements for the bank’s personal commercial housing loan business.
Against the background of the promulgation of the Convention, the Beijing Banking Association stated that the current Beijing areamemberThere are two prominent problems in the personal housing loan business carried out by banks: First, since Beijing began to regulate the real estate market, relevant government departments and industry regulatory authorities have issued a number of regulatory policies involving personal housing loan business. Member banks have different understandings of policies, causing some banks to have certain differences in their policy implementation standards. Second, in the real estate market in Beijing in recent years, the market share of second-hand housing transactions has increased year by year, and real estate intermediaries are Real estate transactions have become a key link, and the phenomenon of individual banks “rebates” and “rebates” to intermediaries in order to solicit customers has revived.
In terms of unifying housing loan policy standards, the “Convention” stipulates: housing loan records do not distinguish between local and non-local municipalities; the monthly payment income ratio shall not exceed 50%;paymentThe source of funds is subject to substantive review, and financial services such as “down payment loans” shall not be usedproductIncrease leverage, embezzle other personal loan funds orcreditCard financing is used to pay the down payment; for personal housing loans involving first-hand houses, the house purchased must be a house with a capped main structure; differentiated housing must be strictly implementedCredit policyWait.Regarding the issue of “rebates” and “fee rebates”, the Convention stipulates that banks shall not pay or disguise payments to real estate developers, real estate intermediaries (including affiliates) and staff to obtain transaction opportunities or competitive advantages, and Clearly stipulate: payment or disguised paymentcommission, Introduction fees or other similar expenses; provide services for free or below cost, or rent office space, office facilities and equipment; pay for them, bear the expenses or expenses that should be borne by themselves; exceed normalpriceOr use the services provided by them in unreasonable ways; renting their office space or channels (including online and offline) to market the Bank’s business to buyers are all prohibited.
It is understood that the promulgation of the “Convention” has received extensive support from banks in the industry. At present, all 43 banks in Beijing that offer personal housing loan business have signed the convention commitment letter. Some banks stated that the promulgation of the “Convention” will help banks’ personal housing loan business competition return to improving service levels and service quality, thereby changing the market competition that relied solely on “rebates”, “rebates” and loosening policy implementation standards in the past. situation.
(Source: Securities Times Net)
(Editor in charge: DF512)
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